Trussed structure



Aug. 14, 1928. 1,680.976

H. F. FREASE TRUSSED STRUCTURE Filed Nov 4, 1925 5 Shets-Sheet 1 gwuenkwAug. 14, 1928. 1,680,976

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Filed Nov. 4, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet gnvmatoz F Frease fiarxilzal PatentedAug. 14, 1928.

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Application filed November 4, 1925. Serial No. 66,847.

The invention relates to trussed structures having spaced chord membersand connecting web members joined together, and more particularly totrussed structures having crossed sectional outlines substantiallysimilar to the outline of an I. j

The structures of the present invention embody the improvements setforth in United States Letters Patent No. 1,526,463, issued on February17, 1925, to George Hives- Dawson and Hurxthal Field Frease, for trussedstructures, and divisions thereof, together with other improvements setforth herein; and the objects of the invention are 5 to provide trussedstructures whosecrosssectional outlines are preferably substantiallysimilar to the outline of an I, and having comparatively greattransverse strength, and comparatively great lateral rigidity, and whichmay be nailed into directly.

Because of the relative magnitude and compact disposition of their chordportions, the trussed structures of the present invention may havegreater transverse stren th, and greater lateral rigidity and stabi itythan have trussed structures of the same weight and similar outlines asordinarily constructed, such as ordinary lattice girders madeby rivetinga plurality of separate lattice web bars between laterally andtransversely spaced angle chord bars, or ordinary bar joists made bywelding in old and well known manner a continuous zig-zag web formationbetween laterally and transversely spaced chor'd bars.

In the case of each of the above types of old construction, thelaterally spaced arrangement of chord bars, with no interven,-.

ing material to prevent lateral deflection of the separate chord bars,renders such structures laterally unstable and exceedingly liable tofailure by lateral buckling. I

Moreover, when it'is desired, as is commonly the case, to nail flooring.sheathing, metal lath, and the like to such old types of metallictrussed structures, when used as beams or joists, or as columns orstu'dding, it is first necessary to bolt or otherwise secure to thechord portions of such lattice girders and bar joists, wooden strips forreceiving the nails, thereby increasing the cost of installation.

In metallic trussed structures made according to the present invention,however, nails may be driven directly into and secured in the chordportions without requiring the addition of wooden strips or; otherdevices for receiving the nails. The above and other objects andadvantages are attained in the present invention by the use of one ormore truss elements including spaced rows of chord members andconnecting web members all formed from a single continuous strip, therebeing junction angles between the chord and web members, and one or[more of the rows of chord members being "fastened preferably at thejunction angles toa plurality of laterally spaced 'chord bars extendingalongside of and abutting a plurality of the chord members of the trusselement.

In general the fastening of any assembled product is achieved in one ofthree ways: namely (1) the use ofpositive fasteners, such as bolts,screws, rivets, or eyelets; .(2). the use of some type of welding, suchas electricarc, butt, spot, or flash, the acetylene flame, or directpressure weldin of heated parts; and (3) physical or mec anicalmanipulation of the assembled members.

Examples of eachof the first two broad types of fastening means for thetrussed structures of the present invention are illustrated anddescribed herein, and examples of the third type are to be the subjectmatter of companion applications for United States Letters Patent forspecific forms of the present invention.

It is to be undeistood, however, that in broad combinations includingfastening means securing other parts together, it is immaterial which ofthe above three types of fastening means are selected to fasten partstogether, thexparticular choice being "determined by the plant equipmentavailable.

Several practical cmbodiments of the present invention are illustratedin the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, inwhich- I Figure 1,is a fragmentary perspective view of one form of the invention adaptedto be used as a beam or joist, the chord bars being broken away to showthe truss ele- 55 chord bars and truss elements have been ment, and thefastening means illustrated being arc welds;

Fig. 2, a side elevation of another form of the invention adapted to beused as a beam or joist, differing from the construction shown in Fi 1,only in the specific form of shear rein orcement for the joist ends;

Fig. 3, side elevations ofan upper chord bar, a truss element, and alower chord bar, therefor, ready to be assembled;

Fig. 4, an oblique view of a shear reinforcement therefor, beforeassembly;

Fig. 5, a vertical cross section thereof, taken as on line 5-5, Fig. 2;

Fig. 6, an end elevation of another embodiment of the invention, whichmay be used either as a beam or a column, and in which both rows of thejunction angles of the truss element are in substantially endwiseabutment with each other, the fastening meansas illustrated beingrivets;

ig. 7, a side elevation of the same, portions of the outside chord barsbeing broken away to show the arrangement of the truss element;

Fig. 8, an end elevation of a modification of the embodiment illustratedin Figs. 6 and 7, in which both rows of junction angles of the trusselement are in substantially sidewise or overlapping abutment with ,eachother;

Fig. 9, a side elevation of the same, portions of the outside chord barsbeing broken away to show the arrangement of the truss element;

Fig. 10, an end elevation of another modification of the embodimentillustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, in which one row of junction angles are insubstantially endwise abutment, and the other row of junction anglesarein substantially sidewise or overlappmg abutment with each other;

Fig. 11, a side elevation of the same; portions of the outside chordbars being broken away to show the arrangement of the truss f-element;

Fig. 12, an oblique view of another form of the invention in which aplurality of truss elements are combined with a plurality of chord bars,as by arc welding, portions of the outside chord bars being broken awayto .show the arrangement of the truss elements;

Fig. 13, an oblique view of a further modification of the form of theinvention illustrated in Fig. 12, in which portions of the broken awayto show the arrangement of all the parts; and

Fig. 14, a fregmentary oblique view illustrating the adaptability of thestructures of the present invention for use in atype of floorconstruction in which strip metallic bridging and ordinary wood flooringmay be nailed directly to the welded trussed struc- -tures hereof, usedas-joists, the nails being able substance; for most practical purposesmetallic material adapts itself most easily to the requirements offabrication and use.

The preferred cross-sectional outlines of the structures as illustratedand described are all similar to the outline of an I.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Figure 1, as aforesaid, illustrates one form of the invention indicatedat 20-1, adapted to be used as a beam or joist, and includes a trusselement indicated at 21-1, havin spaced rows of chord members 22-1 andconnecting web members 23-1, all formed from a single continuous stripor bar 24-1, which may be a round as indicated, there being junctionangles 25-1 between the chord and web members, and one row of chordmembers are fastened preferably at the junction angles as by are weldsindicated at 26-1 to a plurality of laterally spaced upper chord bars27-1, which may be rounds as shown, and the other row of chord membersbeing likewise fastened to a plurality of laterally spaced lower chordbars 28-1, both sets of chord bars extending alongside of and abutting aplurality of the chord m mbers of the truss element.

In order to provide a suitable end construction for pendulouslysupporting the joist and having adequate shear reinforcement, the lowerchord bars 28-1 may be bent at their ends to form upwardly extendingportions 29-1 and end portions 30-1. the end portions being preferablyparallel with the upper chord bars 27-1, and there being a shearreinforcement 31-1 in the form of a suitably cut-away T-section, asshown, secured as by are welds to the ends of the upper and lower chordbars and the truss element, as illustrated.

The are welds 26-1 are preferably built up around the junction angles ina pyramidical form, as indicated at 32-1 and thus preferably join thejunction angles 25-1 of the truss element to each other and to the sideby side chord bars, the junction angles being preferabl in endwiseabutment with each other, as s own.

The form of the invention 20-2 illustrated in Fig. 2, and adapted to beused as a beam or joist, differs from the construction shown in Fig. 1,only in the specific form of shear reinforcement for the joist ends. Thestructure 20-2 includes a truss element indicated at 21-2, having spacedrows of chord members 22-2. and connecting web members 23-2, all formedfrom a single continuous strip or bar 24-2, there being junction angles25-2 between the chord and web members, and one row of chord memof chordmembers of the truss element.

In order to provide a suitable end con-' struction for pendulouslysupporting the joist and having adequate shearreinforcemerit, the lowerchord bars 28-2 maybe bent at their ends to form upwardly extendingportions 29-2'and end portions 30-2, the end portions bein preferablyparallel with the upper chord bars 27-2, and there being a shearreinforcement indicated at 31-2, consisting of a pair of suitably formedangle sections 33-2, secured as by are welds to the ends of the upperand lower chord bars and the truss element.

The Figs. 3 illustrate an upper chord bar, a truss element, and a lowerchord bar for the structure 20-2 before assembly.

Fig. 4 illustrates the shear reinforcement for the structure 20-2 beforeassembly, and

more clearly shows the exact details of con struction, including the airof formed angle sections 33-2 having the inner portions of their bottomanglelegs cut away, as illustrated, enabling the outward forming of theend portions of the vertical angle legs 34-2,

as shown, for extending alongside the outside of the truss element 21-2,as illustrated in Fig. 2. V

Figs. 6 to 11, inclusive, illustrate embodiments of the invention, whichmay be used either as beams or columns, and including variousmodifications of the truss element, and upper and lower chord shape barshere shown as being angles, the fastening means illustrated beingrivets.

Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate one modified form of the invention, asaforesaid, indicated at 20-3, and includes a truss element indicated at21 -3 having spaced rows of chord mem bers 22-3, and connecting webmembers 23-3 and 23'-3, all formed from a single continuous strip or bar24-3, there being junction angles 25-3- between the chord and webmembers, and both rows of the junction angles being in substantiallyendwise abutment with each other, an chord members being secured at thejunction angles as by rivets 26-3 to a -plurality of laterally spacedchord shape bars 27-3,

The truss structure 20-4, illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9, includes a trusselement indicated at 21-4, having spaced rows of chord members 22-4, andconnecting web members 23-4 and 23'- 4, all formed from a singlecontinuous strip or bar 24-4, there both rows of being junction. angles25-4 between the chord and web members, and both rows of the junctionangles being in substantially 1 sidewise overlapping abutment with eachother, and both rows of chord members being fastened at the junctionangles as by rivets 26-4 to a plurality of laterally spaced chord shapebars 27-4.

The truss structure indicated at 20-5,

illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11, includes a truss element indicated at21-5, having spaced rows'of chord members 22-5, and

connecting Web members 23-5 and 23'-5,

all formed from a singlecontinuous strip or par 24-5, there beingjunction angles 25-5 etween the chord and web members, and

one row of junction angles being insubstantially endwise abutment witheach other, and the other row of junction angles being in substantiallysidewise or overlapping abutment with each other, and the rows of chordmembers being fastened at the junc tion angles as by rivets 26-5 to aplurality of laterally spaced chord shape bars 27-5.

. In Fig. 12 is illustrated a truss structure indicated at 20-6, whichincludes aplurality of truss elements indicated at 21-6, cach trusselement having spaced rows of chord members 22-6 and connecting webmembers 23-6, all formed from a single continuous strip or bar 24-6,there being junction angles 25-6 between the chord and web members, andthe rows of chord members being fastened preferably at the junctionangles, as by arc welds indicated at 26-6, to a plurality of laterallyspaced chord bars 27-6.

In Fig. 13 is illustrated a truss structure indicated at 20-7, whichincludes a plurality of truss elements indicated at 21-7, each trusselement having spaced rows of chord members 22-7 and connecting webmembers 23-7, all formed from a single continuous strip or bar 24-7,there being junction angles 25-7 between the chord and web members, andthe rows of chord members being fastened preferably at the. junctionangles, as by arc --welds indicated at 26-7, to a plurality of laterallyspaced chord bars 27-7 and 28-7, the bars 28-7 being interposed betweenthe truss elements 21-7, as illustrated. r

In Fig. 14 a plurality of the welded truss joist structures 20-2,illustrated in detail in Figs. 2 to 5 inclusive, are illustrated as in Ibars 27-2 and 28-2, and the chord members 22-2 of the truss element,thus illustrating the practical adaptabil ty of the structures of thepresent invention for receiving nails and eliminating the otherwise neessary operation or bolting or securing nai receiving wooden strips tothe chord members, as is required in other types of joists as aforesaid.

In all of the herein illustrated and described improvements of theinvention, the laterally spaced chord bars having the intervening chordmembers of the truss elements secured between them are rendered muchmore laterally rigid than in the older types of structures in whichthere is no intervening and abutting material to prevent lateraldeflection of the laterally spaced chord bars.

l\Ioreover, the addition of the section area of the chord members of thetruss elements into the total chord section area of the truss structuresof the present invention provides members having greater transversestrength than has been available under the old methods of construction.

All of these features enable economies in erection and in the deadweight of truss structures required for any particular purpose as forfloor joists for a particular floor.

I claim:

1. A trusscd structure including a truss element and a plurality ofspaced chord bars,

. the truss element including spaced rows of chord members andconnecting web members, all the element members being formed from asingle continuous strip, and there being spaced junction angles betweenthe chord and web members, one of the rows of chord members abutting andbeing fastened at each junction angle to a plurality of the spaced chordbars.

2. A trussed structure including a truss element and a plurality ofspaced chord bars, the truss element including spaced rows of chordmembers and connectin web members, all the element members in formedfrom a single continuous strip, an there being spaced junction anglesbetween the chord and Web members, and means abutting and fastening ateach junction angle one of the rows of chord members to a plurality ofthe spaced chord bars.

3. A trusscd structure including a truss element, and a set of laterallyspaced chord bars, the truss element including spaced rows of chordmembers and connecting web members. all the element members being formedfrom a single continuous strip, and there being spaced junction anglesbetween the chord and web members, and spaced means fastening each chordmember of one row of the chord members to and in abutment with thelaterally spaced chord bars.

4. A trusscd structure including a truss element, and a plurality ofsets of laterally spaced chord bars, the truss element including spacedrows of chord members and connecting web members, all the element members being formed from a single continuous strip, and there being spacedjunction angles between the chord and web members, and spaced meansfastening each chord member of the rows of chord members to and inabutment with a set of the laterally spaced chord bars.

5. A trusscd structure including a truss element, and a plurality ofsets of laterall spaced chord bars, the truss element inclu ing spacedrows of chord members and connecting web members, all the elementmembers being formed from a single continuous strip, and there beingspaced junction angles between the chord and web members, and spacedmeans substantially at the junction angles fastening each chord memberof a. row of chord members to and in abutment with a set of thelaterally spaced chord bars.

6. A trusscd structure including a truss element, and a plurality ofsets of laterall spaced chord bars, the truss element inclu ing spacedrows of chord members and connecting web members, all the elementmembers being formed from a single continuous strip, and there beingspaced junction angles between the chord and web members, and spacedmeans substantially at the junction angles fastening each chord memberof the rows of chord members to and in abutment with a set of thelaterally spaced chord bars.

7. A trussed structure including a truss element, and a plurality ofspaced chord bars, and means fastening the truss element to the chordbars, the truss element including spaced rows of chord members andconnecting web members, all the element members being formed from asingle continuous strip, and there being spaced junction angles at eachrow of chord members between the chord and web members, junction anglesbeing in substantial abutment with each other and the chord membersabutting the chord bars.

8. A trusscd structure including a truss element, and a plurality ofsets of laterally spaced chord bars, the truss element including spacedrows of chord members and connecting web members, all the elementmembers being formed from a single continuous strip, and there beingspaced junction angles between the chord and web members, and meanssubstantially at the junction angles fastening each of the rows of chordmembers to a set of the laterally spaced chord bars, and junction anglesat each row of chord members being in substantial abutment with eachother and the chord members abutting the chord bars.

9. A trusscd structure including a truss element, and a plurality ofspaced chord bars, the truss element including spaced rows of chordmembers and connecting web members. all of the element members beingformed from a single continuous strip, and there being spaced junctionangles between the chord and web members, and spaced means fasteningsome of thejunction-angles to each other and to a plurality'of thespaced chord bars and the chord members abutting the chord bars.

10. A trussed structure including a truss. element, and a plurality of.spacedchord bars, the truss element including spaced rows of chordmembers and connecting web members, all of the element members beinformed from a single continuous strip, an there being spaced junctionangles between the chord and web members, some of the.

junction angles being fastened to a plurality of the chord bars and thechord members abutting the chord bars.

11. A trussed structure including a plurality of truss elements and aplurality of spaced chord bars, each of the truss elements includingspaced rows of chord members and connectingJ web members, all theelement members eing formed from a single cono trnuous strip, and therebeing spaced junction angles between the chord and web members, some ofthe chord members -in each truss element being fastened at intervals toa plurality of the spaced chord bars.

12. A trussed structure including a plurality of truss elementsand aplurality of spaced chord bars, each of the truss elements includingspaced vrows or chord members.

and connecting web members, all the element member'sbeing formed from asingle continuous strip, and there being spaced junction angles betweenthe chord and web riembers,'and spaced means fastening some of the chordmembers of each element to and in abutment with a plurality of thespaced chord bars.

13. A trussed structure including a plurality of truss elements and aplurality of spaced chord bars, each of the truss elements includingspaced rows of chord members and connectlng web members, all the elementmembers being formed from a single continuous strip, and there beingspaced junction angles between the chord and web members, and spacedmeans fastening some of the chord membersof each truss element to someof the chord members of another truss element and to an in abutment withone of the chord bars. Y

14. A trussed structure including a plurality of truss elements'and a.plurality of spaced chord bars, each of the truss elements includingspaced rows of chord members and connecting web menibers, all theelement members being formed from a single continuous strip, and therebeing spaced junction angles between the chord and web members, some ofthe chord members of one element being fastened at intervals to some ofthe chord. members of another element and to and in abutment with aplurality of the chord bars.

15. A truss structure including a set of laterally spaced chord bars anda truss element, the truss element including spaced rows of chordmembers and connectin web members, all the element members being formedfrom a single continuous strip and there being spaced junction anglesbetween the chord and Web members, some of the chord members beinginterposed between and abutting the set of the laterally spaced chordbars, and spaced means abutting and fastening each of the interposedchord members to the chord bars.

16. A truss structure including a plurality of sets of laterallyspaced-chord bars, and a truss element, the truss element includingspaced rows of chord members and connecting Web members, all the elementmembers being formed from a single continuous strip, and there beingspaced junction angles between the chord 'and web "members, some of thechord members being interposed between and abutting the sets of thelaterally spaced chord bars, and spaced means fastening each 01' theinterposed chord members to the chord bars. y

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name.

.HURXTHAL FIELD FREASE

